Gas separation

Gas separation can refer to any of a number of techniques used to separate gases, either to give multiple products or to purify a single product.

Swing adsorption techniques

Pressure swing adsorption

Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) pressurizes and depressurizes a multicomponent gas around an adsorbent medium to selectively adsorb some components of a gas while leaving other components free-flowing.[1]

Vacuum swing adsorption

Vacuum swing adsorption (VSA) uses the same principle as PSA but swings between vacuum pressures and atmospheric pressure.[2] PSA and VSA techniques may be combined and are called "vacuum pressure swing adsorption" (VPSA) in this case.

Temperature swing adsorption

Temperature swing adsorption (TSA) is similar to other swing adsorption techniques but cycles the temperature of the adsorbent bed-gas system instead of the gas pressure to achieve separation.[2]

Cryogenic distillation
Main article: Air separation

Cryogenic distillation is typically only used for very high volumes because of its nonlinear cost-scale relationship, which makes the process more economical at larger scales. Because of this it is typically only used for air separation.[3]

See also
  • Oxygen concentrator – Device that removes nitrogen from air
  • Nitrogen generator
  • Industrial gas – Gaseous materials produced for use in industry
  • Air separation – Chemical process
  • Natural-gas processing – Industrial processes designed to purify raw natural gas
  • Solid sorbents for carbon capture – Solid materials that can adsorb carbon dioxide from air.

References
  1. Basu, Swapan; Debnath, Ajay (2019). PowerPlant Instrumentation and Control Handbook. ISBN 978-0-12-819504-8.
  2. Ntiamoah, Augustine; Ling, Jianghua; et al. (18 September 2015). "CO2 capture by vacuum swing adsorption: role of multiple pressure equalization steps". Adsorption. 21: 509–522. doi:10.1007/s10450-015-9690-8. hdl:11343/115935.
  3. Hermes, Santa Anna; Amaro, Barreto; et al. (May 2016). "Methane/nitrogen separation through pressure swing adsorption process from nitrogen-rich streams". Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification. 103: 70–79. doi:10.1016/j.cep.2015.11.002.
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