List of opioids
This is a list of opioids, opioid antagonists and inverse agonists.
Opium and poppy straw derivatives
Crude opiate extracts whole opium products
- B&O Supprettes
- Diascordium
- Dover's powder
- Kendal Black Drop
- Laudanum
- Mithridate
- Opium
- Polish heroin (Compote, Kompot)
- Paregoric
- Poppy straw concentrate
- Poppy tea
- Smoking opium
- Theriac
Opium alkaloids
- Codeine
- Morphine
- Oripavine
- Pseudomorphine
- Thebaine
Structures
| Morphides | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Codeine | Morphine | Oripavine | Pseudomorphine | Thebaine |
Alkaloid salts mixtures
- Pantopon
- Papaveretum (Omnopon)
- Tetrapon
Semisynthetics including Bentley compounds
Morphine family
- 14-Hydroxymorphine [1]
- 2,4-Dinitrophenylmorphine
- 6-Methyldihydromorphine [2]
- 6-Methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine
- 6-Acetyldihydromorphine [3]
- Azidomorphine
- Chlornaltrexamine
- Chloroxymorphamine [4]
- Desomorphine (dihydrodesoxymorphine)
- Dihydromorphine
- Ethyldihydromorphine [5]
- Hydromorphinol
- Methyldesorphine
- Morphine methylbromide
- N-Phenethylnordesomorphine
- N-Phenethyl-14-ethoxymetopon
- N-Phenethylnormorphine
- 6-Nicotinoyldihydromorphine (metabolite of nicodicodeine)
- RAM-378
- Ro-1539
Structures of Morphine family
| Morphine family | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14-Hydroxymorphine | 2,4-Dinitrophenylmorphine | 6-Methyldihydromorphine | 6-Methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine | 6-Acetyldihydromorphine hydrochloride |
| Azidomorphine | Chlornaltrexamine | Chloroxymorphamine | Desomorphine (Dihydrodesoxymorphine) |
Dihydromorphine |
| Ethyldihydromorphine | Hydromorphinol | Methyldesorphine | N-Phenethylnormorphine | 6-nicotinoyldihydromorphine |
| RAM-378 | ||||
3,6-diesters of morphine
Structures
| 3,6-diesters of morphine | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acetylpropionylmorphine | 3,6-Dibutanoylmorphine | Diacetyldihydromorphine (dihydroheroin, acetylmorphinol) | ||
| Dibutyrylmorphine | Dibenzoylmorphine | Diformylmorphine | ||
| Dipropanoylmorphine | Heroin (diacetylmorphine) |
Nicomorphine | ||
Codeine-dionine family
Structures
| Codeine-dionine family | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6-Monoacetylcodeine | Benzylmorphine | Codeine methylbromide | Desocodeine | Dimethylmorphine (6-O-Methylcodeine) |
| Ethyldihydromorphine | Methyldihydromorphine (dihydroheterocodeine) |
Ethylmorphine | Heterocodeine | Isocodeine |
| Pholcodine | Myrophine | Transisocodeine | ||
Morphinones and morphols
- 14-Cinnamoyloxycodeinone
- 14-Ethoxymetopon
- 14-Methoxymetopon
- 14-Phenylpropoxymetopon
- 3-Acetyloxymorphone
- 3,14-Diacetyloxymorphone
- 7-Spiroindanyloxymorphone
- 8,14-Dihydroxydihydromorphinone
- Acetylcodone
- Acetylmorphone
- α-hydrocodol (=dihydrocodeine, )
- Benzhydrocodone
- Bromoisopropropyldihydromorphinone cas?
- Codeinone
- Codoxime
- Conorfone (codorphone)
- IBNtxA
- Thebacon (acetyldihydrocodeinone, dihydrocodeinone enol acetate)
- Hydrocodone
- Hydromorphone
- Hydroxycodeine
- Metopon (=methyldihydromorphinone)
- Morphenol
- Morphinone
- Morphol
- N-Phenethyl-14-ethoxymetopon
- Noroxymorphone
- Oxycodone
- Oxymorphol
- Oxymorphone
- Pentamorphone
- Semorphone
Structures
| Morphinones and morphols | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14-Cinnamoyloxycodeinone | 14-Ethoxymetopon | 14-Methoxymetopon | 14-Phenylpropoxymetopon | 7-Spiroindanyloxymorphone |
| 8,14-Dihydroxydihydromorphinone | Acetylcodone | Acetylmorphone | α-hydrocodol (Dihydrocodeine) |
Bromoisopropropyldihydromorphinone |
| Codeinone | Codorphone | Codol (Codeine Phosphate) |
Codoxime | IBNtxA |
| Thebacon | Hydrocodone | Hydromorphone | Hydroxycodeine | Metopon (methyldihydromorphinone) |
| Morphenol | Morphinone | Morphol | N-Phenethyl-14-ethoxymetopon | Oxycodone |
| Oxymorphol | Oxymorphone | Pentamorphone | Semorphone | |
Morphides
Structures
| Morphides | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| α-chlorocodide | β-chlorocodide | Bromomorphide | ||
| Chlorodihydrocodide. | Chloromorphide | Codide | ||
Dihydrocodeine series
- 14-Hydroxydihydrocodeine
- Acetyldihydrocodeine
- Dihydrocodeine
- Dihydrodesoxycodeine (desocodeine)
- Dihydroisocodeine
- Nicocodeine
- Nicodicodeine
Structures
| Morphides | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14-Hydroxydihydrocodeine | Acetyldihydrocodeine | Dihydrocodeine | Dihydrodesoxycodeine | |
| Dihydroisocodeine | Nicocodeine | Nicodicodeine | ||
Nitrogen morphine derivatives
Structures
| Morphides | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-Nitrocodeine | Codeine-N-oxide | Morphine-N-oxide | ||
Hydrazones
- Oxymorphazone
Structures
| Hydrazones | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oxymorphazone | ||||
Halogenated morphine derivatives
- 1-Bromocodeine
- 1-Chlorocodeine
- 1-Iodomorphine
Structures
| Other open chain opioids | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1-Bromocodeine |
1-Chlorocodeine |
1-Iodomorphine | ||
Active opiate metabolites
Structures
| Active opiate metabolites | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Codeine-N-oxide | Heroin-7,8-oxide | Morphine-6-glucuronide | 6-Monoacetylmorphine | |
| Morphine-N-oxide | Naltrexol | Norcodeine | Normorphine | |
Morphinans
Morphinan series
Structures
| Other morphinans | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-chlorophenylpyridomorphinan | Cyclorphan | Dextrallorphan | Levargorphan | Levophenacylmorphan |
| Levomethorphan | Norlevorphanol | N-Methylmorphinan | Oxilorphan | Phenomorphan |
| Dextromethorphan levomethorphan | Morphanol | Ro4-1539 | Stephodeline | Xorphanol |
Others
- 1-Nitroaknadinine * 14-episinomenine
- 5,6-Dihydronorsalutaridine
- 6-Keto Nalbuphine
- Aknadinine
- Butorphanol
- Cephakicine
- Cephasamine
- Cyprodime
- Drotebanol
- Fenfangjine G
- Ketorfanol
- Nalbuphine
- Nalbuphone
- Tannagine
Structures
| Other Morphinans | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-Nitroaknadinine | 14-episinomenine | 5,6-Dihydronorsalutaridine | 6-Keto Nalbuphine | Aknadinine |
| Butorphanol | Cephakicine | Cephasamine | Cyprodime | Drotebanol |
| Fenfangjine G | Nalbuphine | Sinococuline | Sinomenine | Tannagine |
Benzomorphans
- 5,9 alpha-diethyl-2-hydroxybenzomorphan (5,9-DEHB)
- 8-Carboxamidocyclazocine (8-CAC)
- Alazocine
- Anazocine
- Bremazocine
- Butinazocine
- Carbazocine
- Cogazocine
- Cyclazocine
- Dezocine
- Eptazocine
- Etazocine
- Ethylketazocine
- Fedotozine
- Fluorophen
- Gemazocine
- Ibazocine
- Ketazocine
- Metazocine
- Moxazocine
- Pentazocine
- Phenazocine
- Quadazocine
- SKF-10047
Structures
| Benzomorphans | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5,9 alpha-diethyl-2-hydroxybenzomorphan (5,9-DEHB) |
8-Carboxamidocyclazocine | Alazocine | Anazocine | Bremazocine |
| Butinazocine | Carbazocine | Cogazocine | Cyclazocine | Dezocine |
| Eptazocine | Etazocine | Ethylketocyclazocine | Fedotozine | Fluorophen |
| Gemazocine | Ibazocine | Ketazocine | Metazocine | Moxazocine |
| Pentazocine | Phenazocine | Quadazocine | Thiazocine | Tonazocine |
| Volazocine | Zenazocine | |||
4-Phenylpiperidines
Pethidines (meperidines)
- 4-Fluoropethidine
- Allylnorpethidine
- Anileridine
- Benzethidine
- Carperidine
- Difenoxin
- Diphenoxylate
- Etoxeridine (carbetidine)
- Furethidine
- Hydroxypethidine (bemidone)
- Morpheridine
- Meperidine-N-oxide
- Oxpheneridine (carbamethidine)
- Pethidine (meperidine)
- Pethidine intermediate A
- Pethidine intermediate B (norpethidine)
- Pethidine intermediate C (pethidinic acid)
- Pheneridine
- Phenoperidine
- Piminodine
- Properidine (ipropethidine)
- Sameridine
Structures
| Pethidines (meperidines) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-Fluoropethidine | 8-Carboxamidocyclazocine | Allylnorpethidine | Anileridine | Benzethidine |
| Carperidine | Difenoxin | Diphenoxylate | Etoxeridine | Furethidine |
| Hydroxypethidine | Morpheridine | Meperidine-N-oxide | Oxpheneridine | Pethidine |
| Pethidine intermediate A | Pethidine intermediate B | Pethidine intermediate C | Pheneridine | Phenoperidine |
| Piminodine | Properidine | Sameridine | ||
Prodines
- Allylprodine
- (α/β)-Meprodine
- Desmethylprodine (MPPP)
- PEPAP
- (α/β)-Prodine
- Prosidol
- Trimeperidine (promedol)
Structures
| Prodines | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allylprodine | (α/β)-Meprodine | Desmethylprodine (MPPP) | PEPAP | Prodine |
| Prosidol | Prosidol | |||
Ketobemidones
- Acetoxyketobemidone
- Droxypropine
- Ketobemidone
- Methylketobemidone
- Propylketobemidone
Structures
| Ketobemidones | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acetoxyketobemidone | Droxypropine | Ketobemidone | Methylketobemidone | Propylketobemidone | |
Others
- Alvimopan
- Loperamide
- LS-115509
- Picenadol
Structures
| Other phenylpiperidines | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Alvimopan | Loperamide | LS-115509 | Picenadol |
Open chain opioids
Amidones
Structures
| Amidones | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dextromethadone |
Dipipanone |
Isomethadone |
Levoisomethadone | |
| Noracetylmethadol | Levomethadone | Methadone | Methadone intermediate | |
| Normethadone | Norpipanone | Phenadoxone | Pipidone | |
Methadols
- Acetylmethadol
- Alphaacetylmethadol
- Alphamethadol
- Betacetylmethadol
- Betamethadol
- Dimepheptanol (racemethadol)
- Isomethadol
- Levacetylmethadol
- Noracymethadol
Structures
| Other open chain opioids | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Alphaacetylmethadol |
Dimepheptanol |
Levacetylmethadol |
Noracetylmethadol | |
Moramides
Structures
| Other open chain opioids | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Desmethylmoramide |
Dextromoramide |
Levomoramide |
Moramide intermediate |
Racemoramide |
Thiambutenes
- Diethylthiambutene
- Dimethylthiambutene
- Ethylmethylthiambutene
- Piperidylthiambutene
- Pyrrolidinylthiambutene
- Thiambutene
Structures
| Thiambutenes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Diethylthiambutene |
Dimethylthiambutene |
Ethylmethylthiambutene | ||
|
Piperidylthiambutene |
Thiambutene |
Tipepidine | ||
Phenalkoxams
- Dextropropoxyphene (propoxyphene)
- Dimenoxadol
- Dioxaphetyl butyrate
- Levopropoxyphene
- Norpropoxyphene
- Pyrroliphene
Structures
| Phenalkoxams | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dextropropoxyphene |
Dimenoxadol |
Dioxaphetyl butyrate |
Levopropoxyphene |
Norpropoxyphene |
Ampromides
- Diampromide
- Phenampromide
- Propiram
Structures
| Ampromides | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Diampromide |
Phenampromide |
Propiram | ||
Others
- Embutramide
- IC-26
- Isoaminile
- Lefetamine
- R-4066
Structures
| Other open chain opioids | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Embutramide |
IC-26 |
Isoaminile |
Lefetamine |
R-4066 |
Anilidopiperidines
- 3-Allylfentanyl
- 3-Methylfentanyl
- 3-Methylthiofentanyl
- 4-Phenylfentanyl
- Alfentanil
- α-Methylacetylfentanyl
- α-Methylfentanyl
- α-Methylthiofentanyl
- Benzylfentanyl
- β-hydroxyfentanyl
- β-hydroxythiofentanyl
- β-Methylfentanyl
- Brifentanil
- Butyrfentanyl
- Carfentanil
- Fentanyl
- Lofentanil
- N-Methylcarfentanil
- Mirfentanil
- Ocfentanil
- Ohmefentanyl
- Parafluorofentanyl
- Phenaridine
- R-30490
- Remifentanil
- Sufentanil
- Thenylfentanyl
- Thiofentanyl
- Trefentanil
Structures
| Anilidopiperidines | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3-Allylfentanyl | 3-Methylfentanyl | 3-Methylthiofentanyl | 4-Phenylfentanyl | Alfentanil |
| Alphamethylacetylfentanyl | Alphamethylfentanyl | Alphamethylthiofentanyl | Benzylfentanyl | Betahydroxyfentanyl |
| Betahydroxythiofentanyl | Betamethylfentanyl | Brifentanil | Carfentanil | Fentanyl |
| Lofentanil | Mirfentanil | Ocfentanil | Ohmefentanyl | Parafluorofentanyl |
| Phenaridine | Remifentanil | Sufentanil | Thenylfentanyl | Thiofentanyl |
| Trefentanil | ||||
Oripavine derivatives
- 7-PET
- Acetorphine
- Alletorphine (N-allyl-noretorphine)
- BU-48
- Buprenorphine
- Buprenorphine-3-glucuronide
- Cyprenorphine
- Dihydroetorphine
- Etorphine
- Homprenorphine
- 18,19-Dehydrobuprenorphine (HS-599)
- N-cyclopropylmethylnoretorphine
- Nepenthone
- Norbuprenorphine
- Norbuprenorphine-3-glucuronide
- Thevinone
- Thienorphine
Structures
| Oripavine derivatives | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7-PET | Acetorphine | Alletorphine | BU-48 | Buprenorphine |
| Cyprenorphine | Dihydroetorphine | Etorphine | Homprenorphine | 18,19-Dehydrobuprenorphine |
| N-cyclopropylmethylnoretorphine | Nepenthone | Norbuprenorphine | Thevinone | Thienorphine |
Phenazepanes
- Ethoheptazine
- Meptazinol
- Metheptazine
- Metethoheptazine
- Proheptazine
Structures
| Phenazepanes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Ethoheptazine |
Meptazinol |
Metheptazine |
Metethoheptazine |
Proheptazine |
Pirinitramides
- Bezitramide
- Piritramide
Structures
| Pirinitramides | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Bezitramide |
Piritramide | |||
Benzimidazoles
- Clonitazene
- Etonitazene
- Isotonitazene
- Metonitazene
Indoles
- 18-Methoxycoronaridine
- 7-Acetoxymitragynine
- 7-Hydroxymitragynine
- ψ-Akuammigine
- Akuammidine
- Akuammine
- Coronaridine
- Eseroline
- Hodgkinsine
- Ibogaine
- Mitragynine
- Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl
- Noribogaine
- Pericine
- Pseudoakuammigine
Structures
| Indoles | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
18-Methoxycoronaridine |
7-Acetoxymitragynine |
7-Hydroxymitragynine |
Akuammidine |
Akuammine |
|
Eseroline |
Hodgkinsine |
Mitragynine |
Pericine |
Pseudoakuammigine |
Beta-Amino Ketones
- 3-(dimethylamino)-2,2-dimethyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one
Structures
| Indoles | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
3-(dimethylamino)-2,2-dimethyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one (Beta-amine ketone 'compound 29') | |||||
Diphenylmethylpiperazines
- BW373U86
- DPI-221
- DPI-287
- DPI-3290
- SNC-80
- AZD-2327
Structures
| Diphenylmethylpiperazines | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
BW373U86 |
DPI-221 |
DPI-287 |
DPI-3290 |
SNC-80 |
Opioid peptides
Dynorphins
- Big dynorphin
- Dynorphin A
- Dynorphin B
- Leumorphin
Structures
| Dynorphins | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Big dynorphin | Dynorphin A | Dynorphin B | ||
Endomorphins
- Endomorphin-1
- Endomorphin-2
Endorphins
- α-Endorphin
- β-Endorphin
- γ-Endorphin
- α-Neoendorphin
- β-Neoendorphin
Structures
| Dynorphins | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beta-endorphin | Alpha-endorphin | Gamma-endorphin | α-neoendorphin | β-neoendorphin |
Enkephalins
- DADLE
- DAMGO
- Deltorphin
- Met-enkephalin
- Leu-enkephalin
Structures
| Enkephalins | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DADLE | DAMGO | Deltorphin | Met-enkephalin | Leu-enkephalin |
Propeptides
- Proenkephalin
- Proendorphin
- Proopiomelanocortin
Others / unknown
- Adrenorphin
- Amidorphin
- Biphalin
- Casokefamide
- Casomorphins
- Cytochrophin-4
- DALDA (Tyr-D-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2)
- Deltorphin I
- Deltorphin II
- Deprolorphin
- Dermorphin
- DPDPE
- Frakefamide
- Gliadorphin
- Gluten exorphins
- Hemorphin-4
- Metkefamide
- Morphiceptin
- Nociceptin
- Octreotide
- Opiorphin
- Rubiscolin
- Soymorphins
- Spinorphin
- TRIMU 5
- Tynorphin
- Valorphin
- Zyklophin
Structures
| Other or unknown opioid peptides | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adrenorphin | Amidorphin | Casomorphin | DALDA | Deltorphin |
| Dermorphin | DPDPE | Endomorphin-1 Endomorphin-2 |
Gliadorphin | Morphiceptin |
| Nociceptin | Octreotide | Opiorphin | Rubiscolin | TRIMU 5 |
Others
- 3-(3-Methoxyphenyl)-3-ethoxycarbonyltropane
- AD-1211
- AH-7921
- Axomadol
- Azaprocin
- BDPC
- Bisnortilidine
- BRL-52537
- Bromadol
- Bromadoline
- Ciprefadol
- Ciramadol
- Doxpicomine
- Enadoline
- Faxeladol
- GR-89696
- Herkinorin
- ICI-199,441
- ICI-204,448
- Ketamine
- KNT-42
- LPK-26
- Lufuradom
- Metofoline
- MT-45
- Desmethylclozapine
- Nexeridine
- NNC 63-0532
- Nortilidine
- O-Desmethyltramadol
- Phenadone
- Phencyclidine
- Prodilidine
- Profadol
- Ro64-6198
- Salvinorin A
- Salvinorin B ethoxymethyl ether
- Salvinorin B methoxymethyl ether
- SB-612,111
- SC-17599
- RWJ-394,674
- TAN-67
- Tapentadol
- Thiobromadol (C-8813)
- Tifluadom
- Tilidine
- Tramadol
- Trimebutine
- U-47700
- U-50,488
- U-69,593
- Viminol
- 1-(4-Nitrophenylethyl)piperidylidene-2-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonamide (W-18)
Opioid antagonists and inverse agonists
- 4-Caffeoyl-1,5-quinide
- 5'-Guanidinonaltrindole
- β-Funaltrexamine
- 6β-Naltrexol
- 6β-Naltrexol-d4
- Alvimopan
- AT-076
- Binaltorphimine
- BU09059
- Buprenorphine
- Chlornaltrexamine
- Clocinnamox
- Cyclazocine
- Cyprodime
- Diacetylnalorphine
- Diprenorphine (M5050)
- Fedotozine
- ICI-174864
- J-113,397
- JDTic
- JTC-801
- Levallorphan
- LY-2456302
- LY-255582
- Methocinnamox
- Methylnaltrexone
- ML350
- Naldemedine
- Nalfurafine
- Nalmefene
- Nalmexone
- Nalodeine (N-allylnorcodeine)
- Naloxazone
- Naloxegol
- Naloxol
- Naloxonazine
- Naloxone
- Naloxone benzoylhydrazone
- Nalorphine
- Naltrexone
- Naltriben
- Naltrindole
- Norbinaltorphimine
- Oxilorphan
- PF-4455242
- S-allyl-3-hydroxy-17-thioniamorphinan (SAHTM)
- Samidorphan
- SR-16430
Biased ligands
- 6'-Guanidinonaltrindole
- 7-Hydroxymitragynine
- Herkinorin
- ICI-199,441
- Noribogaine
- Oliceridine
- RB-64
- TRV734
Receptor heteromer targeting ligands
Uncategorized opioids
Structures
| Uncategorized opioids | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Alimadol |
Anilopam |
Asimadoline | ||
|
FE 200665 |
Fedotozine |
MCOPPB | ||
|
Nalfurafine |
Nalodeine |
Nalorphine |
Nalorphine dinicotinate | |
|
SoRI-9409 |
||||
Combination drug formulations containing opioids
- Buprenorphine/naloxone
- Buprenorphine/samidorphan (ALKS-5461)
- Co-codamol (codeine phosphate/paracetamol)
- Co-codaprin (codeine phosphate/aspirin)
- Co-dydramol (dihydrocodeine tartrate/paracetamol)
- Co-proxamol (dextropropoxyphene/paracetamol)
- Fentanyl/fluanisone
- Hydrocodone/ibuprofen
- Hydrocodone/paracetamol
- Loperamide/simethicone
- Morphine/naltrexone
- Naltrexone/bupropion
- Oxycodone/aspirin
- Oxycodone/naloxone
- Oxycodone/paracetamol
See also
- List of opioids by visual 2D molecular skeletal renderings (bundled remotely, click "show" after following link)
- List of Schedule I drugs (US)
- Gray death
References
- ChemIndex CAS Registry Number 3371-56-0
- ChemIndex CAS Registry Number 509-56-8
- ChemIndex CAS Registry Number 63715-94-6
- NCBI PubChem SID 750205
- chembase cbid_346222
- Gomes I, Fujita W, Gupta A, Saldanha SA, Saldanha AS, Negri A, Pinello CE, Eberhart C, Roberts E, Filizola M, Hodder P, Devi LA (2013). "Identification of a μ-δ opioid receptor heteromer-biased agonist with antinociceptive activity". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 110 (29): 12072–7. Bibcode:2013PNAS..11012072G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1222044110. PMC 3718106. PMID 23818586.
- Yekkirala AS, Lunzer MM, McCurdy CR, Powers MD, Kalyuzhny AE, Roerig SC, Portoghese PS (2011). "N-naphthoyl-beta-naltrexamine (NNTA), a highly selective and potent activator of μ/kappa-opioid heteromers". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108 (12): 5098–103. Bibcode:2011PNAS..108.5098Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.1016277108. PMC 3064379. PMID 21385944.
External links
- Carbonate derivatives of 14β-hydroxycodeine "viz., 14β-hydroxy-6-O-(methoxycarbonyl)codeine, 6-O-methoxycarbonyl-14β-(methoxycarbonyloxy)codeine, and 14β-acetoxy-6-O-methoxy-carbonylcodeine, potential substrates for ring C modification in morphinane (sic) alkaloids, were synthesized for the first time." Russian Chemical Bulletin. August 2008, Volume 57, Issue 8, pp 1773–1774. Date: 11 Aug 2009; I. V. Evsikova, S. K. Moiseev, P. V. Petrovskii, V. N. Kalinin. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1739–1740
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