Nanochannel glass materials

Nanochannel glass materials are an experimental mask technology that is an alternate method for fabricating nanostructures, although optical lithography is the predominant patterning technique.[1]

Nanochannel glass materials are complex glass structures containing large numbers of parallel hollow channels. In its simplest form, the hollow channels are arranged in geometric arrays with packing densities as great as 1011 channels/cm2. Channel dimensions are controllable from micrometers to tens of nanometers, while retaining excellent channel uniformity. Exact replicas of the channel glass can be made from a variety of materials. This is a low cost method for creating identical structures with nanoscale features in large numbers.[2][3]

Characteristics

These materials have high density of uniform channels with diameters from 15 micrometres to 15 nanometers. These are rigid structures with serviceable temperatures to at least 300 °C, with potential up to 1000 °C. Furthermore, these are optically transparent photonic structures with high degree of reproducibility.

The materials can be fabricated using methods in nanolithography such as electron beam lithography (EBL), focused ion beam (FIB), and nanoimprint lithography (NIL).[4][5]

Applications

These can be used as a material for chromatographic columns, unidirectional conductors, Microchannel plate and nonlinear optical devices. They are used in sensors for chemical and biological processes.[6] Other uses are as masks for semiconductor development, including ion implantation, optical lithography, and reactive ion etching.[2][3][7]

See also

  • E-beam lithography
  • Ion beam lithography
  • Maskless lithography
  • Nanolithography
  • Photolithography
  • Porous glass
  • Vycor glass

References

  1. ↑ Gimzewski, James K; Welland, M.E, eds. (May 1995). Ultimate limits of fabrication and measurement. Springer. pp. 13, 14, 15. doi:10.1007/978-94-011-0041-0. ISBN 978-0-7923-3504-7. * Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, Cambridge, U.K., April 1--3, 1994 Series: NATO Science Series E: (closed), Vol. 292
  2. 1 2 They are also used in dental and medical X-ray sensors optically coupled or internally coated with a scintillator to increase efficiency. "Nanochannel Glass Materials". Naval Research Laboratory. Technology Transfer Office, Code 1004. Retrieved 2011-07-04.
    •  This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Navy.
  3. 1 2 Tonucci, Ronald J.; Hubler, Graham K. (2007). "Materials Characterization and Nanofabrication Methods—Nanochannel Glass Materials". In Sibilia, Concita; Wiersma, Diederik S. (eds.). AIP Conference Proceedings. Vol. 959. pp. 59–71. doi:10.1063/1.2821605. ISBN 978-0-7354-0473-1.
  4. ↑ Duan, C; Wang, W; Xie, Q (March 2013). "Review article: Fabrication of nanofluidic devices". Biomicrofluidics. 7 (2): 26501. doi:10.1063/1.4794973. PMID 23573176.
  5. ↑ Chen, Xueye; Zhang, Lei (1 January 2018). "Review in manufacturing methods of nanochannels of bio-nanofluidic chips". Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 254: 648–659. doi:10.1016/j.snb.2017.07.139.
  6. ↑ Ling, Yixin; and Hou, Xu (2 January 2024). "Current progress in glass-based nanochannels". International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials. 15 (1): 222–237. doi:10.1080/19475411.2024.2305544. ISSN 1947-5411.
  7. ↑ Pearson, D. H.; Tonucci, R. J. (1995). "Nanochannel Glass Replica Membranes". Science. 270 (5233): 68–70. Bibcode:1995Sci...270...68P. doi:10.1126/science.270.5233.68. S2CID 220110394.

Further reading

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