Mandelin reagent
The Mandelin reagent is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify alkaloids as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of ammonium metavanadate and concentrated sulfuric acid. Its primary use is for the detection of ketamine and PMA[1] Unlike the most common reagent test chemicals, it has a deep red colour that changes to yellow if there is no alkaloid, which occurs within about 48 hours of mixing.[2]
The United States Department of Justice method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 0.5[3]-1 g of ammonium metavanadate.[4]
This reagent was invented by the German pharmacologist, Karl Friedrich Mandelin (1854–1906) at the University of Dorpat.
| Substance | Color |
|---|---|
| 2C-T-7 | Wine dark to Black[5] |
| Acetaminophen | Moderate olive |
| Benzphetamine | Brilliant yellow green |
| Chlorpromazine | Dark olive |
| Cocaine | Deep orange yellow |
| Codeine | Dark olive |
| d-Amphetamine | Moderate bluish green |
| d-Methamphetamine | Dark yellowish green |
| Diacetylmorphine (Heroin) | Moderate reddish brown |
| Dimethoxymethamphetamine | Dark olive brown |
| Doxepin | Very reddish brown |
| Dristan | Greyish olive |
| Exedrine | Dark olive |
| Ketamine | Deep reddish orange[1] |
| Mace | Moderate olive green |
| MDA | Bluish black[6] |
| MDMA | Bluish black[6] |
| Mescaline | Dark yellowish brown |
| Methadone | Dark greyish blue |
| Methaqualone | Very orange yellow |
| Methylphenidate | Brilliant orange yellow |
| Morphine | Dark greyish reddish brown |
| Opium | Olive black |
| Oxycodone | Dark greenish yellow |
| Procaine | Deep orange |
| Propoxyphene | Dark reddish brown |
| Psilocybin | Green [7] |
| Paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA) | Reddish brown [1] |
| Paramethoxymethamphetamine (PMMA) | Reddish brown [1] |
| Salt (NaCl-HCl) | Strong orange |
See also
- Drug checking
- Dille–Koppanyi reagent
- Folin's reagent
- Froehde reagent
- Liebermann reagent
- Marquis reagent
- Mecke reagent
- Simon's reagent
- Zwikker reagent
References
- "Mandelin EZ Testing Kit". EZ Test. Retrieved 2012-01-27.
- "Reagent Tests UK - Mandelin reagent". Reagent Tests UK. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
- Poe, Charles F.; O'Day, David W. (2006). "A study of Mandelin's test for strychnine". Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association. 19 (12): 1292. doi:10.1002/jps.3080191206.
- "Color Test Reagents/Kits for Preliminary Identification of Drugs of Abuse" (PDF). Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program. July 2000. Retrieved 2011-07-24.
- "2-C-T-7 Mandelin". Reagent Base.
- "Dancesafe Mandelin Reagent". Dancesafe. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
- Mahmood, Zafar Alam (2013). "Bioactive Alkaloids from Fungi: Psilocybin". Natural Products: Phytochemistry, Botany and Metabolism of Alkaloids, Phenolics and Terpenes. Springer-Verlag. pp. 523–552. ISBN 978-3-642-22143-9.
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