Isotopes of platinum
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Standard atomic weight Ar°(Pt) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Naturally occurring platinum (78Pt) consists of five stable isotopes (192Pt, 194Pt, 195Pt, 196Pt, 198Pt) and one very long-lived (half-life 4.83×1011 years) radioisotope (190Pt). There are also 34 known synthetic radioisotopes, the longest-lived of which is 193Pt with a half-life of 50 years. All other isotopes have half-lives under a year, most under a day. All isotopes of platinum are either radioactive or observationally stable, meaning that they are predicted to be radioactive but no actual decay has been observed. Platinum-195 is the most abundant isotope, making platinum one of the only three elements to have its most abundant isotope with an odd neutron number (the other two being beryllium and nitrogen).
List of isotopes
Nuclide [n 1] |
Z | N | Isotopic mass (Da)[4] [n 2][n 3] |
Half-life[1] [n 4] |
Decay mode[1] [n 5] |
Daughter isotope [n 6][n 7] |
Spin and parity[1] [n 8][n 9] |
Natural abundance (mole fraction) | |||||||||||
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Excitation energy[n 9] | Normal proportion[1] | Range of variation | |||||||||||||||||
165Pt | 78 | 87 | 164.99966(43)# | 370(180) μs | α | 161Os | 7/2−# | ||||||||||||
166Pt | 78 | 88 | 165.99487(32)# | 294(62) μs | α | 162Os | 0+ | ||||||||||||
167Pt | 78 | 89 | 166.99275(33)# | 920(120) μs | α | 163Os | 7/2−# | ||||||||||||
168Pt | 78 | 90 | 167.98818(16) | 2.02(10) ms | α | 164Os | 0+ | ||||||||||||
β+ ? | 168Ir | ||||||||||||||||||
169Pt | 78 | 91 | 168.98662(22)# | 6.99(9) ms | α | 165Os | (7/2−) | ||||||||||||
β+ ? | 169Ir | ||||||||||||||||||
170Pt | 78 | 92 | 169.982502(20) | 13.93(16) ms | α | 166Os | 0+ | ||||||||||||
β+ ? | 170Ir | ||||||||||||||||||
171Pt | 78 | 93 | 170.981249(87) | 45.5(25) ms | α (86%) | 167Os | 7/2− | ||||||||||||
β+ (14%) | 171Ir | ||||||||||||||||||
171mPt | 412.6(10) keV | 901(9) ns | IT | 171Pt | 13/2+ | ||||||||||||||
172Pt | 78 | 94 | 171.977341(11) | 97.6(13) ms | α (96%) | 168Os | 0+ | ||||||||||||
β+ (4%) | 172Ir | ||||||||||||||||||
173Pt | 78 | 95 | 172.976450(68) | 382(2) ms | α (86%) | 169Os | (5/2−) | ||||||||||||
β+ (14%) | 173Ir | ||||||||||||||||||
174Pt | 78 | 96 | 173.972820(11) | 862(8) ms | α (74.9%) | 170Os | 0+ | ||||||||||||
β+ (25.1%) | 174Ir | ||||||||||||||||||
175Pt | 78 | 97 | 174.972401(20) | 2.43(4) s | α (64%) | 171Os | (7/2−) | ||||||||||||
β+ (36%) | 175Ir | ||||||||||||||||||
176Pt | 78 | 98 | 175.968938(14) | 6.33(15) s | β+ (60%) | 176Ir | 0+ | ||||||||||||
α (40%) | 172Os | ||||||||||||||||||
177Pt | 78 | 99 | 176.968470(16) | 10.0(04) s | β+ (94.3%) | 177Ir | 5/2− | ||||||||||||
α (5.7%) | 173Os | ||||||||||||||||||
177mPt | 147.5(4) keV | 2.35(4) μs | IT | 177Pt | 1/2− | ||||||||||||||
178Pt | 78 | 100 | 177.965649(11) | 20.7(7) s | β+ (92.3%) | 178Ir | 0+ | ||||||||||||
α (7.7%) | 174Os | ||||||||||||||||||
179Pt | 78 | 101 | 178.9653588(86) | 21.2(4) s | β+ (99.76%) | 179Ir | 1/2− | ||||||||||||
α (0.24%) | 175Os | ||||||||||||||||||
180Pt | 78 | 102 | 179.963038(11) | 56(3) s | β+ (99.48%) | 180Ir | 0+ | ||||||||||||
α (0.52%) | 176Os | ||||||||||||||||||
181Pt | 78 | 103 | 180.963090(15) | 52.0(22) s | β+ (99.93%) | 181Ir | 1/2− | ||||||||||||
α (0.074%) | 177Os | ||||||||||||||||||
181mPt | 116.65(8) keV | >300 ns | IT | 181Pt | 7/2− | ||||||||||||||
182Pt | 78 | 104 | 181.961172(14) | 2.67(12) min | β+ (99.962%) | 182Ir | 0+ | ||||||||||||
α (0.038%) | 178Os | ||||||||||||||||||
183Pt | 78 | 105 | 182.961596(15) | 6.5(10) min | β+ (99.99%) | 183Ir | 1/2− | ||||||||||||
α (0.0096%) | 179Os | ||||||||||||||||||
183m1Pt | 34.74(7) keV | 43(5) s | β+ (96.9%) | 183Ir | 7/2− | ||||||||||||||
IT (3.1%) | 183Pt | ||||||||||||||||||
α ? | 179Os | ||||||||||||||||||
183m2Pt | 195.90(10) keV | >150 ns | IT | 183Pt | 9/2+ | ||||||||||||||
184Pt | 78 | 106 | 183.959922(16) | 17.3(2) min | β+ | 184Ir | 0+ | ||||||||||||
α (0.0017%) | 180Os | ||||||||||||||||||
184mPt | 1840.3(8) keV | 1.01(5) ms | IT | 184Pt | 8− | ||||||||||||||
185Pt | 78 | 107 | 184.960614(28) | 70.9(24) min | β+ | 185Ir | 9/2+ | ||||||||||||
α (0.0050%) | 181Os | ||||||||||||||||||
185m1Pt | 103.41(5) keV | 33.0(8) min | β+ | 185Ir | 1/2− | ||||||||||||||
185m2Pt | 200.89(4) keV | 728(20) ns | IT | 185Pt | 5/2− | ||||||||||||||
186Pt | 78 | 108 | 185.959351(23) | 2.08(5) h | β+ | 186Ir | 0+ | ||||||||||||
α (1.4×10−4%) | 182Os | ||||||||||||||||||
187Pt | 78 | 109 | 186.960617(26) | 2.35(3) h | β+ | 187Ir | 3/2− | ||||||||||||
187mPt | 174.38(22) keV | 311(15) μs | IT | 187Pt | 11/2+ | ||||||||||||||
188Pt | 78 | 110 | 187.9593975(57) | 10.16(18) d | EC | 188Ir | 0+ | ||||||||||||
α (2.6×10−5%) | 184Os | ||||||||||||||||||
189Pt | 78 | 111 | 188.960848(11) | 10.87(12) h | β+ | 189Ir | 3/2− | ||||||||||||
189m1Pt | 172.79(6) keV | 464(25) ns | IT | 189Pt | 9/2− | ||||||||||||||
189m2Pt | 191.6(4) keV | 143(5) μs | IT | 189Pt | (13/2+) | ||||||||||||||
190Pt | 78 | 112 | 189.95994982(71) | 4.83(3)×1011 y | α[n 10] | 186Os | 0+ | 1.2(2)×10−4 | |||||||||||
191Pt | 78 | 113 | 190.9616763(44) | 2.83(2) d | EC | 191Ir | 3/2− | ||||||||||||
191m1Pt | 100.663(20) keV | >1 μs | IT | 191Pt | 9/2− | ||||||||||||||
191m2Pt | 149.035(22) keV | 95(5) μs | IT | 191Pt | 13/2+ | ||||||||||||||
192Pt | 78 | 114 | 191.9610427(28) | Observationally Stable[n 11] | 0+ | 0.00782(24) | |||||||||||||
192mPt | 2172.37(13) keV | 272(23) ns | IT | 192Pt | 10− | ||||||||||||||
193Pt | 78 | 115 | 192.9629845(15) | 50(6) y | EC | 193Ir | 1/2− | ||||||||||||
193mPt | 149.78(4) keV | 4.33(3) d | IT | 193Pt | 13/2+ | ||||||||||||||
194Pt | 78 | 116 | 193.96268350(53) | Observationally Stable[n 12] | 0+ | 0.3286(41) | |||||||||||||
195Pt | 78 | 117 | 194.96479433(54) | Observationally Stable[n 13] | 1/2− | 0.3378(24) | |||||||||||||
195mPt | 259.077(23) keV | 4.010(5) d | IT | 195Pt | 13/2+ | ||||||||||||||
196Pt | 78 | 118 | 195.96495465(55) | Observationally Stable[n 14] | 0+ | 0.2521(34) | |||||||||||||
197Pt | 78 | 119 | 196.96734303(58) | 19.8915(19) h | β− | 197Au | 1/2− | ||||||||||||
197mPt | 399.59(20) keV | 95.41(18) min | IT (96.7%) | 197Pt | 13/2+ | ||||||||||||||
β− (3.3%) | 197Au | ||||||||||||||||||
198Pt | 78 | 120 | 197.9678967(23) | Observationally Stable[n 15] | 0+ | 0.0734(13) | |||||||||||||
199Pt | 78 | 121 | 198.9705970(23) | 30.80(21) min | β− | 199Au | 5/2− | ||||||||||||
199mPt | 424(2) keV | 13.48(16) s | IT | 199Pt | 13/2+ | ||||||||||||||
200Pt | 78 | 122 | 199.971445(22) | 12.6(3) h | β− | 200Au | 0+ | ||||||||||||
201Pt | 78 | 123 | 200.974513(54) | 2.5(1) min | β− | 201Au | (5/2−) | ||||||||||||
202Pt | 78 | 124 | 201.975639(27) | 44(15) h | β− | 202Au | 0+ | ||||||||||||
202mPt | 1788.5(4) keV | 141(7) μs | IT | 202Pt | (7−) | ||||||||||||||
203Pt | 78 | 125 | 202.97906(22)# | 22(4) s | β− | 203Au | (1/2−) | ||||||||||||
203m1Pt | 1367(3)# keV | 12(5) s | β− | 203Au | 13/2+# | ||||||||||||||
IT ? | 203Pt | ||||||||||||||||||
203m2Pt | 1420(50)# keV | >100# ns | IT | 203Pt | 27/2−# | ||||||||||||||
203m3Pt | 2530(50)# keV | 641(55) ns | IT | 203Pt | 33/2+# | ||||||||||||||
204Pt | 78 | 126 | 203.98108(22)# | 10.3(14) s | β− | 204Au | 0+ | ||||||||||||
204m1Pt | 1995.1(07) keV | 5.5(7) μs | IT | 204Pt | (5−) | ||||||||||||||
204m2Pt | 2035(23) keV | 55(3) μs | IT | 204Pt | (7−) | ||||||||||||||
204m3Pt | 3193(23) keV | 146(14) ns | IT | 204Pt | (10+) | ||||||||||||||
205Pt | 78 | 127 | 204.98624(32)# | 2# s | β− ? | 205Au | 9/2+# | ||||||||||||
206Pt | 78 | 128 | 205.99008(32)# | 500# ms | β− ? | 206Au | 0+ | ||||||||||||
β−n ? | 205Au | ||||||||||||||||||
207Pt | 78 | 129 | 206.99556(43)# | 600# ms | β− ? | 207Au | 9/2+# | ||||||||||||
β−n ? | 206Au | ||||||||||||||||||
208Pt | 78 | 130 | 207.99946(43)# | 220# ms | β− ? | 208Au | 0+ | ||||||||||||
β−n ? | 207Au | ||||||||||||||||||
This table header & footer: |
- ↑ mPt – Excited nuclear isomer.
- ↑ ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
- ↑ # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
- ↑ Bold half-life – nearly stable, half-life longer than age of universe.
- ↑
Modes of decay:
EC: Electron capture IT: Isomeric transition - ↑ Bold italics symbol as daughter – Daughter product is nearly stable.
- ↑ Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
- ↑ ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
- 1 2 # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
- ↑ Theorized to also undergo β+β+ decay to 190Os
- ↑ Believed to undergo α decay to 188Os with a half-life over 6.0×1016 years
- ↑ Believed to undergo α decay to 190Os
- ↑ Believed to undergo α decay to 191Os with a half-life over 6.3×1018 years
- ↑ Believed to undergo α decay to 192Os
- ↑ Believed to undergo α decay to 194Os or double β− decay to 198Hg with a half-life over 3.20×1014 years
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
- ↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Platinum". CIAAW. 2005.
- ↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
- ↑ Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. (2021). "The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references*". Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030003. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf.
- Isotope masses from:
- Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
- de Laeter, John Robert; Böhlke, John Karl; De Bièvre, Paul; Hidaka, Hiroshi; Peiser, H. Steffen; Rosman, Kevin J. R.; Taylor, Philip D. P. (2003). "Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 75 (6): 683–800. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683.
- Wieser, Michael E. (2006). "Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 78 (11): 2051–2066. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051.
- "News & Notices: Standard Atomic Weights Revised". International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. 19 October 2005.
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
- Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
- National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.x database". Brookhaven National Laboratory.
- Holden, Norman E. (2004). "11. Table of the Isotopes". In Lide, David R. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.
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